Process of making a gas mixture.



' G. A. BRONDER. Y

' PROCESS 0F MAKING A GAS MIXTUBB.

APPLIOATIOIIIILED FEB. 9, -1910.

Patented May 9, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

wwwa/aoco:

G. A.' BRONDER.

PROCESS 0F MAKING A GAS MIXTURE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. B, 1910.

Patented May 9', 1'911.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

avi/humaan A.,., edpertain new and useful Improvements in @lliaqcesses for Making Gas Mixtures, of

which ,the followingisa specification. v

-im`fl`he invention relates to a gas mixture, object covers thesteps to produce m, ..b'qttifthe separate gases comprising the mixt relfrom a unitof coal and the product obtained from the mixture oit' the gases.

IUSIPOfCally the'product obtained results frein/'the mixture of what 1s commercially M, .,lgnowln as illummating gas and hydrogen or Water gas.

M gQne form of apparatus for carrying out .hieliyprocess is illustrated in the accompany- -.i,ngdrlrawings, in whiclu*` I Figure 1 is a plan view of the apparatus. ,rligalis ya `front elevation of the same, and i tief-.fw is a side elevation.4

.geiffor ,the purpose of explanation all the Ato produce illuminating gas, water gas m1, fanthproducer semiwater gas as herein re- Y,. .;i,ted.. 7 @lllluminating gas is generally generated by introducing bituminous coal into hei"- gnetieall y sealed retorts which are heated by means coke, coal, tar, producer gas or other heating agent. The gas `generated 1u .ftfie-,retorts is treated, in washers, scrubbers, cooler-s and purifiers to obtain itspropcr d rposition, aiter which it is led tio the or- ;p.- :i ,dmaryrgas holder.y During' these steps and .rta-kil'ig Q00 lbs. ot' coal as a unit, about 1000 Jlarbic feet of illuminating gas ot' a.' caloric Value oi (320. 'British thermal nuits per 4013' cubic foot yare obtained, with a residuum oit ,353i Lpnlig lbs. poi coke, and a portion o'l tar ammonia. naphthaleue and .some `other eleuuuts. .mflgllater gas containing` largely equal parts ,toifhydrog'en and earlmu-numoxid, is progpztluced bycharg'ing gas producers with coke, .5555; heating the same to inealulesccnee `and then l 'forcing' super-heated steam through the lat- .Hter either in an upward or down 'ard direc- ,.tion The gas on leaving the producer contains a small percentage of tar and in my process is led through a boiler wherein it is will GASTON A. BRONDEB, 011 BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF MAKING A GS MIXTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

LQUNHED sTA'rns ra'rnu'r ernten..

lilatented May 9. 1911'.

Application filed February 9, 1910. Serial No. 542,938. .i p

cooled from 1500o Fahr. to 600 Fahr.' The heat given ott'tis usedftor the generation of steam whichcan be used' forany purpose. The gas is then -forced through a scrubber and cleaner containing a bed of cold'tcoke, and water percolating downwardly therein through said cold coke., The ywatera nd cold coke separates the tar and dust 'from the gas, at'tcr which it is 'ready fotpthe gas holder. Taking' the lbs; of. 'coke obtained as a` resid uum from the original 200 lbs. ot' coal as a unit, 3000 `cubic feet of water gas are produced vfrom said coke having a caloric value ot' 323 B. T. U. per cubic foot. V y U p Producer sexniwatcr gas produced with the same appurtenances as described 'for the water gas by the injection of a mixture of' steam and airthrough the s'aid 133 lbs.' of ignited and highly heated coke, wliich is forced through the coke 'ina'n u'pl'ard direction.v This gas al't'er passingi'through the boiler wherein its temperaturev is reduced from 15000 ltahr. to G00 Fahr. as described forthe water gas, is led 'toia'hol'der from.

which it is taken as requiretil;v I have now provided steps Vi'or making' 'from the original Q00 lbs. ofcoal illuminating gas, water gas and producer semi-water gas.

Taking twelve minutes as a unit of time the successive steps to generate the water gas and the producer gas maybe recited as tollows. l

By the combined steam and aiijtreatment ol highly heated or ineandcscnt coke in an upward direction for 3" minutes'generates porducer or semiwater gas; Super-heated steam treat'lmeut. ot incandescent coke in a Adownward direction 't'or 3 minutes.

During the prt'iductiou of producer semi- ".rat'er gas aud water gas just described the pl'talttct's obtained are as follows; From the l lbs. o't." coke representing the residuuni oi the 00 lbs. ot' t'oal, 3000 cubic t'eet oi water yras are produced with a calorie 'value of 323 l. T. lll. per eubieyi'l'oot` as already stated, and 2100 cubic Vt'eet ol' producer'seuiiwatei' gas wttha caloric value of. litt) l5. T. U. during 'the blow as it is called or thetreatment of the coke with steam and air.

Now the specilie novel step ot' my invention is to make a mixture of the 1000 cubic feet of illuminating gas first obtained from the 200 lbs. of coal with a caloric value of 620 B. T. U. per' cubic foot, and the 3000 eubic feet of water gas having a calorie value of 323 B. T. U. per cubic foot, making a mixture of gas of 4000 cubic feet with a caloric value of about 400 T. U. per cubic foot. This mixture of gas is a commercial product cheaply made and useful for power and heating purposes. The v2100 cubic feet ot' producer semiwater gas obtained is a by- 4product and can be used for firing the retorts when treatlng the original coal, for heating the boilers in the plant, and for other purposes. The said mixture of illuminating gas and the water has various benelicial and novel properties. It is in the first place conipressible to a high degree, and but a small amount of water is condensed there-- from with low temperatures, in fact low:

temperatures affect it but little.- lVater ga: can hardly be detected by the sense or' smell, but my mixture has'a strong odor and can easily be detected by smell.

Referring more particularly to the accompanying drawings in which is illustrated one forni of apparatus adapted to be utilized in carrying out the process, the numeral 20 designates a retort stack which is provided with the rctorts 21, the said retorts communicating with upwardly extending stand pipes 22 leading to the mains 23. liping 24 connects the mains 23 with the tar towers 25. Piping 26 connects the said mains with the coal gas main 27. The'latter leads to the exhauster 30, the condenser 31 and scrubber and washer 32.` The gas main 33 leading from the .scrubber is somewhat reduced in diameter and leads to the center valve 34. Piping 35 connects the said center valve with the purifier boxes 3G, 37, 3S, 39. From a .n compartment 111 the center valve extends the piping 4() to the main gas holder 45(A A gas generator 4G 1s located in front of and adjacent to the retort stack 2() so that hot coke from the latter can gravitate into` the said generator.

A conduit 47 'for hot gases extends from the lower end of the generator and connectsI with. theboile'r 4S. A conduit 49 extends from the upper end of the generator 4G and 'connects with a second boiler 50. The domes of the two boilers are connectedby the piping 51. Piping 52 extends from the piping 51runs through the conduit 49 and thence into the lower end o the gas generator. Piping 53 extends from the piping 51, runs through the conduit 47 and from thence to the upper end of the gas generator. Piping 57 extends from the piping 51 to the air duct 58 which latter leads to the lower end of the generator 46. 'lhe boilers 4S and 50 are respectively connected with the condensers and scrubbers 62 and 63 respectively. Piping (34 runs from the condenser and scrubber G3 to the gas holder 45 and piping (i5 connects the scrubber 62 with the piping 64. 7 i

A producer gas holder G6 is located adjacent to the retort stack and piping 67 connects the condenser and scrubber G3 with the said gas holder GG.

An outlet pipe 68 extends from the holder 6G and connects with the branch pipes G9 and 70 that lead t the furnaces ot' the gas retorts.

'lo operate the plant to make the novel gas mixture, soft gas coal is charged `into the retorts 21, where it is heated byvlneans of semiwater gas furnished by `the pipes 69 and 70. The coal gas generated is conducted through the stand pipes 22 thence into the mains 23, where the tar is extracted which latter flows into the tar towers 25. The c oal gas then travels through the mains 27 byl means of the exhauster 30, and is then forced through the condenser 31, scrubber and washer 32. From the latterthe gas led to the center valve A34 and from the latter the gas passes through the purifying boxes 36 to 39 on its way to the holder 45. The whole residuum of coke in t-he retorts 214 is discharged into .the gas generator 46 where it is brought to a state of incandescenee by injecting air therethrough.

Vhen generating water gas the incandescent coke in the generator 46 is alternately subjected to jets of superheated steam by means of the piping 52 and The water gas produced travels through the lconduits 47 and 49. The conduit 49 leads the water gas through the boiler 50, condenser and scrubber 63, troni whiehlatter it enters the holder 45. The conduit 47 leads the water gas to the boiler '48', 'condenser-and scrubber (52, and from the latter is also led to the holder 45.

iVhen it becomes necessary to revivi'fy the bed of coke after producing a charge of water gas, a n'xixture of air and steam is introduced into the generator. Seiniwater gas' is thereby produced. which is led'through the conduit 49, boiler 50, condenser and scrubber n1entioned, the semiwater gas is led'to the retorts.

Having described Amy invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim is.

The herein described process of: generating gas, which consists in distilling a definite quantity of coal in a retort, washing and purifying the coal gas thereby obtained, collecting the washed and purified coal gas in a holder, heating the entire rcsiduurn of coke obtained from the retort to a state of i'ncandescfenw, niteinniely foi-Qing Snpnihmcd Signmi nt the borough of Manhattan. in :slwnn and nix' through thv incnmi'Hw-n colic thcc'ounty of Now lYork and Stute oi New to obtain alternate charges of wnl'w' uns und York, this SL11 day of 1 `vbrn:\ry, A. l). 1910. 10 senliwnox' gus, \\'n.-;liing thc wim-i' gam und GAVtS'ON A. BLONDER. mixing; it with the cm1 gni; in th's holder, i Yilnvssnw fm' limting the sanne. M. l-I. Unox. 

